This is a condition known as Steven Johnson syndrome, an adverse drug reaction.
Stevens–Johnson syndrome is a type of epidermal necrosis (skin cells die) which is very toxic in nature and as well a life-threatening skin condition where the cell deaths causes the epidermis layer to separate from the dermis.
It is an hypersensitivity reaction that affect to both the skin and mucus membrane that is the underlayer of the skin.
CAUSES
👉 Disorder of the immune system. The immune reaction can be triggered by drug reaction example of drugs are lamotrigine (anticonvulsants used for epilepsy), antibiotics particularly sulpha-drugs such as sulphamethoxazole (septum used to treat cough infection), penicillin, cefixime.
👉Also SJ can be an adverse effect of drugs like vancomycin, Fluconazole, barbiturates, diclofenac, rarely paracetamol and ibuprofens etc.
👉Some form of viral infections such as respiratory tract infections, pharyngitis, ortitis media, herpes simplex virus, mumps, hepatitis and some bacteria and fungal infection.
👉 Cancers but rarely.
SUSCEPTIBILITY (people who can develop SJS)
👉 Usually occurs in people with HIV and systemic lupus erythematosus
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
👉 Fever on the first onset
👉Sore throat
👉Fatigue
👉Ulcers and lesions begin to appear in the mucus membrane mouth lips genitals and anal regions
👉Loss of appetite due to sore pains in the mouth
👉Conjunctivitis
👉Rashes on the face trunk arms legs and feet
👉Mucosal desquamation in a person with Stevens–Johnson syndrome that is wound over the tongue.
👉Conjunctivitis (inflammation of eye and eyelid) in SJS called RED EYES
TREATMENT AND CARE
👉 Initial treatment as in thermal burns.
👉 supportive care e.g. Intravenous fluids and nasogastric or parenteral feeding.
👉Symptomatic treatment e.g.analgesic for pain
👉Maintaining a warm environment , intravenous analgesic topical pain anaesthetics and antiseptics
👉 Ophthalmologist consultation
PROGNOSIS
SJS (with less than 10% of body surface area involved) has a mortality rate of around 5%.
COMPLICATIONS include:
👉 organ damage/failure, cornea scratching, and blindness.
Thank you.
HLF🌀
